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	<id>http://wiki.bidstonobservatory.org/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=IBM_1130</id>
	<title>IBM 1130 - Revision history</title>
	<link rel="self" type="application/atom+xml" href="http://wiki.bidstonobservatory.org/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=IBM_1130"/>
	<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://wiki.bidstonobservatory.org/index.php?title=IBM_1130&amp;action=history"/>
	<updated>2026-06-03T20:04:11Z</updated>
	<subtitle>Revision history for this page on the wiki</subtitle>
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	<entry>
		<id>http://wiki.bidstonobservatory.org/index.php?title=IBM_1130&amp;diff=1076&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Wave Follower at 16:49, 18 April 2024</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://wiki.bidstonobservatory.org/index.php?title=IBM_1130&amp;diff=1076&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2024-04-18T16:49:54Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class=&quot;diff diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 16:49, 18 April 2024&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot; &gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;In 1969, an [https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/proxy/uL7IH396jqNXVsR3G65U3KxXSwqm-XBZawU2FgkjqoMLUE8-x25LrNCRhaYReClDkrOb50mK-UNTrmr7CYq_X34EQ0CDy8EyA30eDBE6Hgs IBM 1130] computer was installed in the basement of Bidston Observatory, connected to an IBM 360 at the London Data Centre. &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;This was relatively late - prior &lt;/del&gt;to this, &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;data &lt;/del&gt;scientists still had to send off the &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;charts to an organisation &lt;/del&gt;in Cheshire. Oceanographers at the time &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;used &lt;/del&gt;this machine to  model coastal &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;&amp;amp; &lt;/del&gt;shelf seas.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;In 1969, an [https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/proxy/uL7IH396jqNXVsR3G65U3KxXSwqm-XBZawU2FgkjqoMLUE8-x25LrNCRhaYReClDkrOb50mK-UNTrmr7CYq_X34EQ0CDy8EyA30eDBE6Hgs IBM 1130] computer was installed in the basement of Bidston Observatory, connected to an IBM 360 at the London Data Centre. &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;Prior &lt;/ins&gt;to this, scientists still had to send off &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;their computational work to Liverpool University or later to &lt;/ins&gt;the &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;Daresbury Laboratory &lt;/ins&gt;in Cheshire. Oceanographers at the time &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;started to use &lt;/ins&gt;this machine to  model coastal &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;and &lt;/ins&gt;shelf seas&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;, including development of the storm surge prediction model by Norman Heaps and Roger Flather&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;On how the capacities of processing define the measurement:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;On how the capacities of processing define the measurement:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Wave Follower</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://wiki.bidstonobservatory.org/index.php?title=IBM_1130&amp;diff=1075&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Wave Follower at 12:51, 18 April 2024</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://wiki.bidstonobservatory.org/index.php?title=IBM_1130&amp;diff=1075&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2024-04-18T12:51:01Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class=&quot;diff diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 12:51, 18 April 2024&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot; &gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;In 1969, an [https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/proxy/uL7IH396jqNXVsR3G65U3KxXSwqm-XBZawU2FgkjqoMLUE8-x25LrNCRhaYReClDkrOb50mK-UNTrmr7CYq_X34EQ0CDy8EyA30eDBE6Hgs IBM 1130] computer was installed in the basement, connected to an IBM 360 at the London Data Centre. This was relatively late - prior to this, data scientists still had to send off the charts to an organisation in Cheshire. Oceanographers at the time used this machine to  model coastal &amp;amp; shelf seas.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;In 1969, an [https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/proxy/uL7IH396jqNXVsR3G65U3KxXSwqm-XBZawU2FgkjqoMLUE8-x25LrNCRhaYReClDkrOb50mK-UNTrmr7CYq_X34EQ0CDy8EyA30eDBE6Hgs IBM 1130] computer was installed in the basement &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;of Bidston Observatory&lt;/ins&gt;, connected to an IBM 360 at the London Data Centre. This was relatively late - prior to this, data scientists still had to send off the charts to an organisation in Cheshire. Oceanographers at the time used this machine to  model coastal &amp;amp; shelf seas.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;On how the capacities of processing define the measurement:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;On how the capacities of processing define the measurement:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Wave Follower</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://wiki.bidstonobservatory.org/index.php?title=IBM_1130&amp;diff=289&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Peter at 11:58, 15 April 2022</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://wiki.bidstonobservatory.org/index.php?title=IBM_1130&amp;diff=289&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2022-04-15T11:58:17Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class=&quot;diff diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 11:58, 15 April 2022&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l4&quot; &gt;Line 4:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 4:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Astronomers have long measured the passage of time using Julian dates, defined by Joseph Scaliger in 1853 as the number of days that have passed since noon on January 1, 4713 BC. In 1957, the Smithsonian Astrophysical Union wanted to track Sputnik using a 36-bit IBM 704 computer. They needed 18 bits to store the time down to 100 nanoseconds. The day had to fit in the remaining 18 bits, so they tracked a Modified Julian Date, defined as the days since midnight of November 17, 1858 (Julian day 2,400,000.5).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Astronomers have long measured the passage of time using Julian dates, defined by Joseph Scaliger in 1853 as the number of days that have passed since noon on January 1, 4713 BC. In 1957, the Smithsonian Astrophysical Union wanted to track Sputnik using a 36-bit IBM 704 computer. They needed 18 bits to store the time down to 100 nanoseconds. The day had to fit in the remaining 18 bits, so they tracked a Modified Julian Date, defined as the days since midnight of November 17, 1858 (Julian day 2,400,000.5).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[category:instruments]]&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Peter</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://wiki.bidstonobservatory.org/index.php?title=IBM_1130&amp;diff=13&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Ky: Created page with &quot;In 1969, an [https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/proxy/uL7IH396jqNXVsR3G65U3KxXSwqm-XBZawU2FgkjqoMLUE8-x25LrNCRhaYReClDkrOb50mK-UNTrmr7CYq_X34EQ0CDy8EyA30eDBE6Hgs IBM 1130] comp...&quot;</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://wiki.bidstonobservatory.org/index.php?title=IBM_1130&amp;diff=13&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2021-08-03T07:10:33Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Created page with &amp;quot;In 1969, an [https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/proxy/uL7IH396jqNXVsR3G65U3KxXSwqm-XBZawU2FgkjqoMLUE8-x25LrNCRhaYReClDkrOb50mK-UNTrmr7CYq_X34EQ0CDy8EyA30eDBE6Hgs IBM 1130] comp...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;New page&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;In 1969, an [https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/proxy/uL7IH396jqNXVsR3G65U3KxXSwqm-XBZawU2FgkjqoMLUE8-x25LrNCRhaYReClDkrOb50mK-UNTrmr7CYq_X34EQ0CDy8EyA30eDBE6Hgs IBM 1130] computer was installed in the basement, connected to an IBM 360 at the London Data Centre. This was relatively late - prior to this, data scientists still had to send off the charts to an organisation in Cheshire. Oceanographers at the time used this machine to  model coastal &amp;amp; shelf seas.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On how the capacities of processing define the measurement:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Astronomers have long measured the passage of time using Julian dates, defined by Joseph Scaliger in 1853 as the number of days that have passed since noon on January 1, 4713 BC. In 1957, the Smithsonian Astrophysical Union wanted to track Sputnik using a 36-bit IBM 704 computer. They needed 18 bits to store the time down to 100 nanoseconds. The day had to fit in the remaining 18 bits, so they tracked a Modified Julian Date, defined as the days since midnight of November 17, 1858 (Julian day 2,400,000.5).&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ky</name></author>
	</entry>
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